#1
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — Intro
33.2270, -108.2720
Geronimo — Independence and Resistance in Apache Homeland This historically grounded retelling follows Goyathlay, known to history as Geronimo, a Bedonkohe leader and medicine man among the Chiricahua Apache. After Mexican soldiers killed m…
#2
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP1
33.2270, -108.2720
Chapter 1: No-Doyohn Canyon — A Child of Apache Country Geronimo was born Goyathlay in Apache country, in the rugged lands of what is now the Southwest border region. He grew up in a world shaped by kinship, seasonal movement, hunting, raid…
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Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP2
30.8936, -108.1925
Chapter 2: Janos — Grief Turned into Resolve As a young man, Geronimo suffered a devastating loss when Mexican soldiers attacked near Janos and killed members of his family. That grief never left him. In Apache memory and in later accounts,…
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Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP3
32.0045, -109.9805
Chapter 3: Cochise Stronghold — Stone Refuge of Resistance In the Dragoon Mountains, Cochise Stronghold rose like a fortress of granite, canyons, hidden passages, and lookout points. For the Chiricahua Apache it was more than a hiding place…
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Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP4
32.2200, -109.4490
Chapter 4: Apache Pass — War Comes into the Homeland The struggle deepened as conflict spread across southeastern Arizona and neighboring lands. Fights at places like Apache Pass showed how quickly the contest had become one of survival aga…
#6
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP5
33.3504, -110.4526
Chapter 5: San Carlos — The Prison Called a Reservation Reservation life at San Carlos brought hunger, surveillance, corruption, and confinement. For people whose lives depended on movement, family autonomy, ceremony, and access to their ow…
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Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP6
29.5000, -108.5000
Chapter 6: Sierra Madre — The Running Country South across the border, the Sierra Madre became another vast refuge. These mountains were steep, remote, and difficult for armies to master. Geronimo and the small bands with him moved through…
#8
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP7
30.8089, -109.2239
Chapter 7: Cañón de los Embudos — Parley Under Pressure By 1886, after years of pursuit, negotiation returned in tense, fragile form at Cañón de los Embudos in Sonora. Geronimo spoke with General Crook, and surrender seemed possible. But fe…
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Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP8
31.6458, -109.1348
Chapter 8: Skeleton Canyon — The End of Open Resistance In Skeleton Canyon, worn down by relentless pursuit and dwindling options, Geronimo made his final surrender in September 1886. It marked the end of major armed Chiricahua resistance i…
#10
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP9
29.8947, -81.3145
Chapter 9: Florida — Captivity Far from the Desert After surrender, Geronimo and other Chiricahua Apache were sent east as prisoners of war, far from their mountains and deserts. Florida was humid, alien, and punishingly distant from home.…
#11
Geronimo — Independence, Resistance, and Refuge in Cochise Stronghold (19th c.) — long retelling — WP10
34.6667, -98.4000
Chapter 10: Fort Sill — Memory, Survival, and Unfinished History Geronimo lived out his remaining years as a prisoner of war at Fort Sill, never allowed to return freely to his homeland. Over time he became famous in American public memory,…