2D map view
A flat map presentation where geometry is drawn on a two-dimensional screen.
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Reference
GIS, data, formats, connectivity & systems glossary
Plain-language definitions for the terms used across Atlasemoji Learning: spatial math, observations, data formats, connectivity, APIs, open protocols, vehicle data, standards, AI tools, and spatial workflows.
241 terms
3D / 2.5D presentation
A view that adds height, terrain, camera pitch, or extrusion. The same underlying record can remain unchanged while its presentation gains vertical context.
Accuracy
How close a measured position or value is to the true value. High precision does not guarantee high accuracy.
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ActivityPub
A W3C protocol for decentralized social applications, defining client-to-server and server-to-server behavior using ActivityStreams data.
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ActivityStreams
A vocabulary and JSON-LD data model for describing social activities and objects; ActivityPub uses ActivityStreams 2.0.
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Actor
In ActivityPub, an entity such as a person, service, or bot that can own an inbox/outbox and participate in activities.
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Agent
Software that uses a model plus defined tools, instructions, and context to pursue a task within the permissions provided by its host system.
AI client
An application that hosts or interacts with an AI model and may connect the model to tools, data, or external services.
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Altitude
Vertical distance of an object above a reference surface, often used for aircraft or above-surface platforms.
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Android
A mobile operating system. In Atlasemoji learning, Android is relevant as a device platform for field, camera, location, and future observation-station workflows.
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API
An interface that lets software request data or actions from another system under a defined contract. An API may use HTTP/REST, another protocol, files, SDK calls, or other mechanisms; the exact interface matters.
API contract
The documented agreement for API operations, inputs, outputs, errors, authentication, and schemas; OpenAPI can express much of an HTTP API contract.
API key
A credential string used by some APIs to identify and authorize a caller.
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API operation
One defined API action, typically identified by an HTTP method plus a path and described with inputs, outputs, and behavior.
App View
In AT Protocol, a service that builds application-oriented indexes and views from repository data collected through the network.
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Application protocol
Rules used by applications to structure and exchange messages above lower-level network transport, such as HTTP, Matrix, MAVLink, or ActivityPub.
ArduPilot
An open-source autopilot software platform supporting multiple vehicle types, including aircraft, rovers, boats, and submersible vehicles.
ArduSub
The ArduPilot vehicle stack for submersible ROVs, providing vehicle control while commonly communicating with ground or companion systems through MAVLink.
Array
An ordered list of values. In JSON, arrays are written inside square brackets and may contain strings, numbers, objects, arrays, booleans, or null.
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AS2
A B2B messaging protocol commonly used to exchange documents securely over HTTP with signing, encryption, and receipts.
AT Protocol
The Authenticated Transfer Protocol: a decentralized protocol for large-scale social applications using DIDs, signed repositories, lexicons, relays, and application services.
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Audit trail
A chronological record of important actions, inputs, identities, or changes that helps explain what happened and who or what performed it.
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Autopilot
Onboard software and hardware that stabilizes and controls a vehicle and can execute pilot inputs, ground-station commands, or autonomous missions.
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Basemap
The reference map shown underneath project or operational layers. Changing it does not have to change the project records.
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Bathymetry
Measurement and representation of underwater depth and seafloor shape.
Bearer token
A token presented by a client to prove authorization. Possession may grant access, so it must be protected.
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Bearing
A direction measured clockwise from north, commonly expressed from 0° to 360°.
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Bounding box
A rectangle defined by minimum and maximum coordinates that contains a feature or dataset.
Buffer
An area generated around a point, line, or polygon at a specified distance.
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Calibration
The process of comparing or adjusting an instrument against a reference so its measurements can be related to known values and expected performance.
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Callback URL
An endpoint supplied to another system so that system can send a request back when a defined event occurs.
Camera
An imaging device that can act as an observation source when images or video are captured with enough time, location, identity, and provenance context.
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Camera observation
An observation whose primary evidence is an image or video frame, ideally linked to time, location, source identity, and provenance.
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Cardinality
A schema or model rule describing how many times a field, relationship, or element may or must occur.
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Cell
One unit in a grid or spatial index. A cell identifies an area, not one exact point.
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Cellular
Wide-area wireless connectivity provided through mobile networks. It can give remote devices Internet or private-network access but does not itself define the application protocol or data format.
Centroid
A representative center point calculated from geometry. For irregular polygons it may fall outside the feature.
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Change detection
Identifying what differs between two states, versions, observations, or source updates.
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Client
Software that initiates requests or connections to a server or service and consumes the results.
Code list
A controlled set of allowed coded values and their meanings used by a schema, standard, profile, or data model.
Companion computer
A computer attached to or associated with a vehicle that can process telemetry, run applications, connect sensors, or bridge the vehicle to other systems.
Component ID
In MAVLink, an identifier used to address a component within a system. Components in the same system need unique component IDs.
Condition
A test evaluated against data, state, time, or spatial context to decide whether a rule matches.
Connector
A reusable integration adapter that handles connection and authentication details for an external system or service and exposes the operations Atlasemoji or another platform supports.
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Containment
A relationship where one geometry lies inside another. Point-in-polygon is a common containment test.
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Coordinate
A numeric position in a coordinate reference system. In common web geography this often means longitude and latitude in decimal degrees.
Coordinate reference system (CRS)
A coordinate system plus the reference information needed to relate coordinates to positions on Earth or another surface.
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Copernicus Marine
A European service providing ocean data and products. In an observation workflow it acts as an external data/context source or layer, not the final output.
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Cross-reference (Xref)
A mapping between identifiers used by different systems, such as supplier IDs, GLNs, SKUs, carrier codes, or internal location IDs.
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CSV
A delimited text-table format commonly used for exchanging rows and columns. A CSV usually needs external agreement about column meaning, types, units, dates, and missing values.
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Current replication
Keeping a target system’s current state aligned with a source or group of sources. Good replication tracks source identity, source/update time, ingest time, refresh cadence, conflict rules, and change history.
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Current state
The latest accepted representation of an entity or record after applying source priority, timestamps, updates, or reconciliation rules.
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Data Classification and Encoding Guide (DCEG)
Documentation used by S-100-based product specifications to explain how real-world information is classified and encoded for that product.
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Data model
A structured definition of the concepts, features, attributes, relationships, and constraints used to represent information in a domain.
Dataset
A related collection of records managed as one data resource.
Delimiter
A character or sequence used to separate values or records, such as commas in many CSV files or separators in other text formats.
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Depth
Vertical distance below a reference surface, useful for water, subsurface observations, and underwater vehicles.
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DID
Decentralized Identifier. In AT Protocol, a DID is the stable account identity underlying a human-readable handle.
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Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
A grid describing ground elevation, commonly used to render terrain or derive slope and surface measures.
Distance
A measure of separation between positions. For geographic longitude/latitude, the calculation method and Earth model determine how the distance is estimated.
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Drone
A common informal term for an uncrewed vehicle, often aerial but sometimes used more broadly. In technical work, identify the actual vehicle type and control system when precision matters.
Dwell time
The amount of time an object remains within a location, area, or proximity condition.
Edition / version
The identified release of a specification, product, schema, or catalogue. Keeping the exact edition is essential when rules or feature definitions change over time.
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Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)
An official vector navigational chart dataset intended for use in ECDIS. S-101 is the S-100-based product specification for next-generation ENC data.
Elevation
Height of terrain or a feature relative to a defined vertical reference.
Encoding
A defined representation used to serialize information for storage or exchange; the word can also refer to character encoding such as UTF-8, so context matters.
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Endpoint
A specific API path or URL that accepts a defined request and returns a defined result.
Ethernet
A family of wired local-network technologies used to connect devices and networks. Ethernet provides connectivity; application protocols and data formats sit above it.
Event
A meaningful occurrence produced by data or a state transition, such as entering a geofence or detecting a change.
Event ID
An identifier for a specific event or delivery record, often used for traceability and duplicate detection.
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Extrusion
A display technique that gives a 2D footprint visual height.
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Feature
A GeoJSON object combining geometry with properties.
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Feature Catalogue
A machine-readable or documented catalogue defining feature types, attributes, relationships, and related semantics for a data product or model.
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FeatureCollection
A GeoJSON object grouping multiple Features into one collection.
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Federation
An architecture where independent servers or services exchange information according to a shared protocol instead of relying on one central host.
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Field data
Data collected outside a central office or lab, often through forms, sensors, cameras, phones, or field instruments.
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Field form
A structured set of questions used to collect repeatable field observations, measurements, identifiers, media, or location data.
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Field mapping
Rules connecting fields in one data structure to fields in another.
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Firmware
Software that runs on embedded hardware such as controllers, sensors, or autopilot boards and directly manages device behavior.
Gateway
Software or hardware that bridges devices, networks, protocols, or data models so information can pass between otherwise different systems.
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Geodesic distance
Distance along the shortest path on a curved Earth model. Ellipsoidal geodesics are more accurate than a spherical Haversine approximation.
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Geofence
A geographic boundary used as part of a rule or event condition.
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Geohash
A hierarchical text encoding of longitude/latitude into a rectangular cell. Longer hashes identify smaller cells; nearby points can still fall into different adjacent cells.
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Geohash precision
The number of characters in a geohash, controlling cell size. It is not measurement accuracy.
GeoJSON
A JSON format for geographic features and geometries. RFC 7946 positions use longitude, latitude, and optional altitude.
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Geometry
The spatial form of a feature: point, path, area, multi-geometry, or collection.
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GeometryCollection
A GeoJSON geometry object that can contain geometries of different types.
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GGDM
The DGIWG Ground-Warfighter Geospatial Data Model, a structured geospatial data model for feature and attribute information used in defense geospatial interoperability.
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GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite System: satellite-based positioning systems and signals used by compatible receivers to estimate position, time, and often related navigation values.
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Grid
A regular partition of space into cells. Raster data and many indexing schemes use grids in different ways.
Ground Control Station (GCS)
Operator software used to configure, monitor, plan, or interact with an uncrewed vehicle and its autopilot.
Handle
A human-readable account name. In AT Protocol, a handle is associated with a DID but is not the stable identity itself.
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Handshake
A deliberate connection or verification exchange used to prove that two systems can identify, authorize, and communicate with each other before relying on the integration.
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Haversine distance
A spherical great-circle distance estimate between two longitude/latitude points. Useful for many proximity checks, but less exact than an ellipsoidal geodesic.
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Header row
The row in a tabular text file that names or labels columns. Header names still require source/schema context to establish exact meaning.
HEARTBEAT
A MAVLink message that announces a system or component is present and provides important identity/state fields used by receivers.
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Historical state
Past versions, observations, or snapshots retained so change can be understood over time instead of seeing only the latest state.
Homeserver
A Matrix server that hosts user accounts/rooms data and participates in client-server communication and federation.
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HTTP
A web protocol providing methods, URLs, headers, status codes, and payload transfer. Many REST APIs use HTTP.
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HTTP header
Metadata sent with an HTTP request or response, such as content type, authorization credentials, caching information, or correlation identifiers.
HTTP method
A request method such as GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, or DELETE.
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HTTP status code
A three-digit HTTP response code that communicates the result class of a request, such as success, client error, or server error.
Human approval
A control where a person explicitly reviews or authorizes an operation before it is allowed to proceed.
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Idempotency
A property or processing strategy that lets repeated delivery of the same operation avoid unintended duplicate effects.
IHO
International Hydrographic Organization, the intergovernmental organization that develops and maintains hydrographic standards including S-100 and S-101.
Inbox
In ActivityPub, the endpoint or collection where an actor receives activities.
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Ingest time
When a platform received or processed a record. It may differ significantly from observation time.
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Interface / protocol
The rules and structures systems use to communicate meaning, such as REST, MAVLink, Matrix, AT Protocol, MCP, or another defined protocol/interface.
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Intersection
The geometry or condition produced where two spatial features overlap or cross.
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JSON
A text format for structured data using objects, arrays, strings, numbers, booleans, and null.
JSON object
A collection of name/value pairs written inside braces in JSON.
JSON-LD
A JSON-based format for linked data that adds semantic context and identifiers to JSON structures.
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KML
An OGC-standard XML-based format for geographic visualization and features such as placemarks, geometry, styles, and overlays.
KMZ
A ZIP-based package commonly used to distribute a KML document together with related resources such as images.
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KoboToolbox
A field-data collection application that can act as an external source in Atlasemoji through supported connection or API workflows.
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Latitude
Angular position north or south of the equator, from -90° to +90°.
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Layer
A logical or visual grouping of related map content used for meaning, visibility, ordering, styling, and analysis.
Lexicon
AT Protocol's schema system for defining record types and API behavior so independent implementations can interpret the same data.
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LineString
An ordered sequence of positions forming a path. Useful for routes, tracks, transects, cables, and movement.
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Longitude
Angular position east or west of the Prime Meridian, from -180° to +180°.
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Manifest
A structured representation describing an Atlasemoji object or dataset so it can be rendered, shared, reused, or delivered consistently.
Matrix
An open protocol for decentralized real-time communication built around rooms, events, client-server APIs, and server federation.
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Matrix event
A structured record in a Matrix room. Events can represent messages, membership, configuration/state changes, and custom application data.
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Matrix room
The shared event space at the center of Matrix communication. A room has membership, state, events, and a room version that defines protocol rules.
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MAVLink
A lightweight messaging protocol used by autopilots, ground-control software, companion computers, cameras, and other components to exchange telemetry, state, commands, mission information, and related data.
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MCP
Model Context Protocol: a way for AI clients to discover and call tools or resources exposed by a server under an agreed contract.
MCP client
Software that connects to an MCP server on behalf of a host application or AI client and can discover/use the capabilities exposed there.
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MCP server
A server that exposes MCP tools, resources, or other protocol capabilities to authorized clients according to its implementation and permissions.
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Measurement
A value produced by observing a property using a method or instrument, ideally with units and quality context.
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Media
Images, audio, video, or other captured files linked to a record or observation, ideally with source, time, and provenance context.
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Message ID
In MAVLink, the identifier for a message type within the applicable message definition set.
MultiLineString
Several LineString geometries represented as one geometry object.
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MultiPoint
Several Point geometries represented as one geometry object.
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MultiPolygon
Several Polygon geometries represented as one geometry object. Useful for disconnected areas.
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Normalization
Transforming incoming data into a consistent internal shape so records from different sources can be compared and processed together.
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Normalized data
Data transformed into a consistent target structure so records from different sources can be compared or processed together.
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OAuth
A framework for delegated authorization that allows scoped access without directly sharing a user password.
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Observation
A record of something noticed, measured, or detected at a place and time. A useful observation usually preserves where, when, what, source, value, units, and provenance, with quality/vertical context when needed.
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Observation time
When the real-world measurement or event happened. Keep it distinct from ingest time.
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Ocean Idea Machine
An Atlasemoji learning/research project that connects real-world observations, spatial context, external ocean data, and GIS so learners in different places can compare and build from shared ocean information.
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Offline data
Data captured while a device has no active network path and stored for later synchronization or upload.
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OGC standards
Open Geospatial Consortium standards for interoperable geospatial data, services, APIs, and encodings.
OpenAPI
A machine-readable description format for HTTP APIs, including operations, parameters, schemas, authentication, and responses.
Outbox
In ActivityPub, the collection from which an actor's activities are published or retrieved.
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Payload
The application data carried by a message, request, response, file, or event.
Permission
An allowed action or capability granted to a user, client, agent, or integration, ideally enforced by the server that owns the resource.
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Personal Data Server (PDS)
In AT Protocol, a server that hosts an account's repository and participates in identity and network operations.
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Placemark
A KML feature used to associate a name/description and other properties with geographic geometry.
Point
One coordinate position. Useful for stations, observations, stops, assets, or events.
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Point-in-polygon
A spatial test determining whether a point is inside, outside, or on a polygon boundary.
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Polygon
An area represented by one exterior closed ring and optional interior rings. In GeoJSON each linear ring begins and ends at the same position.
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Portrayal Catalogue
A catalogue describing how features from a geospatial product should be symbolized or presented; it is separate from the feature catalogue that defines feature meaning.
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Precision
How finely a value is represented or repeated. More decimal places increase stored precision but do not prove accuracy.
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Profile
A constrained or specialized use of a broader model or standard, selecting or refining the parts needed for a particular community or implementation.
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Projection
A mathematical transformation that represents the curved Earth on a flat surface. Every projection introduces distortion.
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Properties
Non-geometric attributes attached to a feature, such as identifiers, names, timestamps, status, source, or style hints.
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Protocol
Agreed rules for how systems communicate, frame messages, identify participants, exchange state, or interpret operations.
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Provenance
Information describing where a record came from and how it changed: source, method, identifiers, timestamps, and transformations.
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Quality flag
A coded or descriptive indicator attached to a measurement or observation to communicate known quality, validation, or usability status.
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Raster
A grid model where each cell or pixel stores a value or color. Common examples: imagery, elevation, temperature, and continuous surfaces.
Raw data
Source data retained close to the form in which it was originally received, before project-specific normalization or derivation.
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Reconciliation
Comparing records from one or more sources to decide what should be added, updated, preserved, rejected, or flagged as conflicting.
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Refresh
A scheduled or triggered retrieval of newer source data. Refresh alone is not replication; the target still needs rules for applying changes.
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Relay
In AT Protocol, a service that aggregates repository updates from many servers into a network-wide event stream used by downstream services.
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Repository
In AT Protocol, a signed collection of a user's records stored and synchronized as account data.
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Request
A message sent to a service, usually containing a method, path, headers, parameters, and sometimes a body.
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Response
The result returned by a service, usually including a status code, headers, and optional payload.
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REST
An architectural style for network APIs centered on resources and standard interface semantics, commonly implemented over HTTP.
Retry
A repeated attempt to deliver or perform an operation after a failure or timeout. Retried operations should be designed with duplicate effects in mind.
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Room version
In Matrix, the versioned set of rules that governs room behavior, event formats, authorization, and state resolution expectations.
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Route
An ordered path through space, usually represented by a LineString plus properties describing the journey or purpose.
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ROV
Remotely Operated Vehicle, commonly used for underwater systems controlled through a tether or communications link rather than operating fully independently.
Rule
A condition evaluated against data, spatial context, time, or state to decide whether something should happen.
S-100
The IHO Universal Hydrographic Data Model: a framework for defining hydrographic and maritime data products. It is not one generic file format; product specification and edition matter.
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S-100 Product Specification
A specification built on S-100 that defines a particular data product, typically with resources such as feature and portrayal catalogues, encoding guidance, and validation rules.
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S-101
The IHO S-100-based Product Specification for Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs). Exact feature and attribute handling depends on the applicable edition and catalogue resources.
Sampling rate
How frequently a sensor or process samples a phenomenon. Sampling rate is distinct from how often measurements are transmitted or stored.
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Schema
A defined structure for fields, types, required values, and relationships. Schemas make validation and integration predictable.
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Scope
A defined boundary on what an authorization, credential, tool, or agent is allowed to access or do.
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Security scheme
In OpenAPI, a reusable description of how an API operation is authenticated or authorized, such as an API key or OAuth-based scheme.
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Semantic mapping
Mapping based on the meaning of concepts and attributes rather than only matching field names.
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Sensor
A device or component that detects or measures a physical phenomenon and produces signals or values that can become measurements or observations.
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Sensor range
The span of values a sensor or instrument is designed or configured to measure; measurements near or beyond that range may need special interpretation.
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Serial connection
A byte-oriented connection commonly used between controllers, sensors, autopilots, companion computers, and other embedded devices.
Serialization
Converting structured information into a representation that can be stored or transmitted, such as JSON, XML, or another defined encoding.
Server
Software that accepts requests or connections and provides data, operations, or services to clients.
SFTP
Secure File Transfer Protocol over SSH, commonly used for managed batch file exchange.
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Signature
A cryptographic value used by some protocols or webhook designs to help verify message origin and integrity according to the protocol's rules.
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Snapshot
A captured state of a dataset or entity at a particular time. Useful for comparison, audit, recovery, and history.
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Source
The system, file, device, service, or human process from which data originates.
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Source ID
An identifier assigned by the original source system and preserved so imported or synchronized records can be traced, updated, or reconciled.
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Spatial context
Location-aware information applied to a record or event: coordinates, geometry, layers, nearby features, vertical position, geofences, or relationships.
Spatial index
A data structure that speeds spatial lookup by organizing records according to location or geometry.
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Speed
Distance traveled per unit of time. In movement analysis it is often a derived value calculated from timed positions.
State event
In Matrix, an event that updates persistent room state such as membership, name, topic, or power/configuration information.
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Station
A persistent observation source or site such as a fixed sensor installation, camera, phone in a defined role, buoy, vehicle, gateway, or research platform.
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Stream rate
How frequently a telemetry message or selected data stream is transmitted. It is not the same as sensor sampling rate.
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Style
Rules or properties that control how data is drawn or symbolized. Style changes presentation and should not be confused with changing the underlying feature data.
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Submission
One completed field-form record sent or saved by a user or device, usually with a source identifier and collection metadata.
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Swagger
A family of tools commonly used to display, explore, or generate code from OpenAPI descriptions. OpenAPI is the specification; Swagger is tooling.
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System ID
In MAVLink, the identifier shared by components that belong to one system; different systems on the same MAVLink network need unique system IDs.
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TCP
Transmission Control Protocol, an IP transport protocol that provides an ordered byte stream with connection and delivery-control mechanisms.
Telemetry
Measurements or state sent from a remote device, vehicle, sensor, or system for monitoring or processing.
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Terrain
A representation of ground elevation used to give maps vertical shape and context.
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Tether
A physical cable/link connecting a remote platform to another system, often carrying power, network traffic, control, video, or telemetry depending on the design.
Tile
A spatial chunk used to deliver map content efficiently at a zoom and x/y position. Tiles may contain raster images or vector features.
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Timestamp
A machine-readable date/time value. Include timezone or UTC context when records move between systems.
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Tool
A defined operation an AI client or agent can invoke through its host environment. The tool implementation and server enforce what the operation actually does.
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Topology
Spatial relationships such as connection, adjacency, containment, and shared boundaries.
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Track
A time-ordered representation of an object's positions or movement history.
Transformation
A deliberate change to data representation, structure, units, identifiers, or values performed as data moves through a workflow.
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Transport
How data moves between systems. The useful meaning depends on context: physical/network connectivity, IP transport such as TCP/UDP, or delivery mechanisms such as HTTP/file transfer should be named explicitly rather than collapsed into one label.
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Transport layer
The networking mechanisms that move data between endpoints, such as TCP or UDP. Do not confuse this with application protocols or physical connectivity.
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UAV
Uncrewed aerial vehicle: an above-surface platform that can carry cameras or sensors.
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UDP
User Datagram Protocol, an IP transport protocol that sends independent datagrams without TCP's connection-oriented ordered-delivery behavior.
Uncertainty
A description of possible error or doubt around a measurement, position, or derived result.
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Units
The scale attached to a measurement, such as °C, meters, knots, volts, or percent.
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USB
A wired interface for connecting devices and peripherals. USB can carry several device classes or serial-like connections; it does not define the application data format by itself.
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USV
Uncrewed surface vehicle: a platform operating at or near the water surface.
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UTC
Coordinated Universal Time, the time standard commonly used to make timestamps comparable across locations and time zones.
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UTF-8
A widely used Unicode character encoding for representing text in files, APIs, JSON, XML, CSV, and other data exchanges.
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UUV
Uncrewed underwater vehicle: a platform operating below the water surface.
Validation rule
A rule used to check whether data conforms to required structure, values, relationships, or product-specific constraints.
Vector
A model built from discrete geometries such as points, lines, and polygons, usually with attributes.
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Vehicle
A mobile platform that may carry an autopilot, sensors, cameras, communications, and other components; vehicle type and control architecture should be identified explicitly.
Versioning
The practice of identifying and managing defined releases of schemas, protocols, product specifications, APIs, or other contracts as they change.
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Vertical reference
The datum, surface, or other reference needed to interpret elevation, altitude, or depth values.
Vertical space
The vertical dimension of a spatial record. For Ocean Idea Machine: Z+ is above the surface, Z0 is the surface, and Z− is below the surface.
Waypoint
A meaningful position within a route, story, operation, or dataset.
Web Mercator
The projection commonly used by web-map tile systems. Convenient for tiled maps, but increasingly distorts area and scale toward the poles.
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Webhook
An HTTP callback sent by one system to another when an event occurs.
WGS84
A global geodetic reference system widely used by GNSS and web mapping. RFC 7946 GeoJSON positions use WGS84 longitude/latitude in decimal degrees.
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Wi-Fi
Wireless local-area networking based on IEEE 802.11 technologies. Wi-Fi provides network connectivity; it does not define the application protocol or data format.
Workflow
A sequence moving data through processing toward an outcome. A spatial workflow may combine source, transport, interface, normalization, context, rules, and actions.
Workspace
A project environment where sources, datasets, layers, records, geometry, and outputs can be organized together.
XML
Extensible Markup Language, a text format for structured documents using elements, attributes, and namespaces; specific standards define the meaning of the XML content.
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XML attribute
A name/value pair attached to an XML element start tag according to the vocabulary or schema in use.
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XML element
A named XML structure delimited by start/end tags or an empty-element tag and interpreted according to its vocabulary/schema.
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XML namespace
A URI-based mechanism used in XML to distinguish names from different vocabularies that might otherwise collide.
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XML Schema (XSD)
A W3C schema language used to define and validate allowed XML structures, data types, and constraints.
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Zoom level
A level in a web-map tile pyramid. Each increase commonly doubles tile count along each axis.
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